Efficiency Allocative efficiency Output at which the marginal utility, or benefit, of a good to a consumer is the same as equal to the marginal cost of producing it. This is seen on demand/supply curves, where D = S, output is produced as demand = marginal utility and supply = the sum of firms' marginal costs in an industry. On an individual scale, it is where: AR = MC Output is where the demand curve cuts the MC curve. NB: technically occurs where MSB = MSC (if you consider externalities) Occurs in perfect competition. Eval - PC markets achieve allocative efficiency where there are no externalities. LR equilibrium is where P = MPC, so if MSC > MPC, then there is an allocative inefficiency which leads to overproduction and consumption. Productive efficiency Output at which a good is produced at the lowest possible average cost for a firm. This occurs at the minimum point of the AC curve. AC = MC at this point, because w
Comments
Post a Comment